Better understanding of the flow means better control of the cave—leading to safer, more efficient, and more predictable production in block and panel caving operations.

Through reliable flow assessment, ITASCA engineers can anticipate draw rates, interaction between drawpoints, dilution entry, hang-ups, air gaps, and uneven material movement. This supports the correct positioning, spacing, and sequencing of drawpoints, as well as the design of extraction levels, undercut layouts, and material handling systems.

Our services in this area include:

• Evaluation of drawpoint spacing and draw strategies to balance recovery, dilution, and geomechanical constraints.

• Support for draw control systems through quantitative predictions of flow patterns, mixing, and grade distribution.

• Primary and secondary fragmentation assessments and flow modelling of caved rock (e.g., MassFlow, CAVESIM) to understand draw behavior and hang-up potential.

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